Here's a quick and dirty guide to the setup of a read-only Domain Controller (RODC) on a Core-based installation.

Deploy your Core-based server like you normally would.

Using sconfig, perform these tasks in order:

Configure network.

Optionally, configure computer name.

Join the computer to the domain.

After the reboot, install the required role via Powershell:

Install-WindowsFeature AD-Domain-Services

After that's successful, using Powershell, promote the server to an RODC (adjust parameter values accordingly):

Install-ADDSDomainController -Credential (Get-Credential) -DomainName domain.local -SiteName "Default-First-Site-Name" -InstallDNS:$true -ReadOnlyReplica:$true -For  ...