For those that do not wish to use OneDrive and want it removed from the folder tree in Explorer, can do so by a simple registry change:
Open regedit and locate the key: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{018D5C66-4533-4307-9B53-224DE2ED1FE6}
Change the value of System.IsPinnedToNameSpaceTree to 0
When using 64-bit, repeat the process for the key: HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Wow6432Node\CLSID\{018D5C66-4533-4307-9B53-224DE2ED1FE6}
Note that starting from Windows 10 Creator, you can also remove OneDrive by uninstalling it: