You can easily get a list of users and their assigned Office365 licenses through the Windows Azure Active Directory Module for PowerShell.

Connect to your Office365 tenant through a user with Administrator permissions:

Connect-MsolService

Then, enter this command:

Get-MsolUser | Select DisplayName,Licenses | FT

You can also append the following to export it to a CSV-file.

 ... | Export-CSV -Delimiter ";" ~Desktopmy-export.csv

The Licenses column tells which license is assigned, but it uses different names than what is visible at the WebPortal.

These are the ones that I know of:

You're welcome to add additional types in the comments section. Then I'll add them to the article.